Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Pavo cristatus.

The correct answer is DPI (dots per inch).

• The resolution of a printer is measured in DPI.

​Key Points

The correct answer is 1526.

• The first battle of Panipat was fought in 1526.

Key Points

• The First Battle of Panipat (21 April 1526) fought near a small village of Panipat Haryana.
• The battle was fought between the invading forces of Zahir-ud-din Babur and Lodi Empire during the rule of Ibrahim Lodi.
• The Mughal forces of Babur, the ruler of Kabulistan, defeated the ruling army of Ibrahim Lodi, Sultan of Delhi.
• Babur’s tactics of Tulughma and Araba led him to victory.

Additional Information

• Tulughma: it means dividing the whole army into various units, viz. the Left, the Right and the Centre.
• Araba: The centre forward division was then provided with carts which were placed in rows facing the enemy and tied to each other with animal. 
• The Second Battle of Panipat was fought between the forces of Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya and  the army of Akbar, on November 5, 1556
• The Third Battle of Panipat took place on 14 January 1761, at Panipat between the Maratha Empire and the King of Afghanistan, Ahmad Shah Durrani.

Option 3 is correct, i.e. p-block.

• Modern Periodic Table:
  • The Modern Periodic Table is classified into the following elements - p-block, s-block, d-block, and f-block.
  • The p-block elements include chalcogens, pnictogens, halogens, inert gases.
    • The 18^th group is known as Inert gas, zero groups, Nonreactive gases.
    • The 17^th group is known as Halogen.
    • The 16^th group is known as Chalcogen.
    • The 15^th group known as Pnictogen.
    • Pnictogen group refers to the choking property of nitrogen gas (as opposed to air, which contains oxygen as well as nitrogen).
    • Nitrogen family elements consist of atoms having 5 electrons in their outer energy level. Two of the electrons are in the s subshell, with 3 unpaired electrons in the ​p subshell.
  • The s-block elements include alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. 
  • The d-block elements include Transition elements.
  • The f-block elements include Inner Transition Elements.

Explanation-

Mitochondria

• Kolliker first observed mitochondria.
• Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration.
• Most of the oxidative metabolism and ATP production takes place in mitochondria.
• Mitochondria are called the powerhouse of the cell.
• Their organic compounds are broken down to release and store metabolic energy in the form of ATP molecules.

Chromoplast

• Plastids are found in all plant cells and in euglenoids.
• Based on the type of pigments plastids can be classified into chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and leucoplasts.
• The chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments which are responsible for trapping light energy essential for photosynthesis.
• Chlorophyll is the photosynthesis pigment.

Lysosome

• Lysosomes are membrane-bound structures.
• It is formed by the process of packaging in the Golgi apparatus.
• These enzymes are capable of digesting carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
• Lysosome containing undigested material and eliminated.
• Lysosomes dispose of waste of the cell.

Golgi body 

• Golgi complex is made up of four parts - Cisternae, Tubules, Golgian vacuoles, and vesicles.
• The Golgi body gets the materials from E.R. through its cis-face.
• The materials are modified by the Golgi body.
• After modification, the materials are packed in vesicles.
• These vesicles are pinched off from the trans face of the Golgi body.

Therefore the correct option is  (a - ii, b - iv, c - i, d - iii).