Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is A thin layer of silicon.

Key Points

• In computers, the chip is made up of a thin layer of silicon.
  • Computer chips are made of silicon, which is a semiconductor, and in order to make the most efficient use of it, chip manufacturers use sand that contains as much silicon as possible.
  • The mineral quartz is ideal for this purpose because its two main components are silicon and oxygen.
  • Silicon is used because it can be used as either an insulator (doesn't allow electricity to flow) or a semiconductor (allows a little flow of electricity).
  • This is important for making chips.
  • It is very, very cheap.
• Hence, option 2 is correct. 

Additional Information

• Silicon is used for electronic devices because it is an element with very special properties.
  • One of its most important properties is that it is a semiconductor.
  • This means that it conducts electricity under some conditions and acts as an insulator under others.
  • It is even the most common element in the Earth's crust. 
• Lady Ada Lovelace invented looping in computer programming​.
  • Lady Ada Lovelace wrote a complete plan describing the algorithm needed to calculate the Bernoulli numbers using two loops, demonstrating the bifurcation capabilities of the analytical machine, describing how to perform trigonometric operations that made use of variables.

The correct answer is Interconnection and networks.

Key Points

• Internet:
  • The term Internet is derived from the words interconnection and networks. Hence, Option 4 is correct.
  • The Internet (or internet) is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices.
  • It is a network of networks that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies.
  • The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide Web (WWW), electronic mail, telephony, and file sharing. 
  • The first web page address was http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html.
  • ARPANET adopted TCP/IP on January 1, 1983.
  • NCSA Mosaic ran on Windows computers was the first browser to surf the internet. 

Additional Information

• A computer network is mainly of four types:
  • LAN(Local Area Network)
  • PAN(Personal Area Network)
  • MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
  • WAN(Wide Area Network) 

The correct option is, i.e. Brain.

• Hypothalamus-
  • The Hypothalamus is a part of Brain that plays a crucial role in many important functions of the Human Body.
  • The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus in the brain.
  • The hormones from the hypothalamus govern physiological functions such as temperature regulation, thirst, hunger, sleep, mood, and the release of other hormones within the body.
  • Hypothalamus regulates the pituitary gland.

Explanation:

• Sound is a longitudinal mechanical wave that propagates by making compressions (high pressure) and rarefactions(low pressure) in its propagating medium. 

• The amplitude of wavelength is the maximum distance the particle oscillating moves from the mean position.
• The frequency of the wave is the number of times one complete cycle of compressions 

• More the frequency more is the pitch of the sound, the sound is having more shrillness. 
• The more the amplitude the more is the loudness of the sound. 

So, loudness depends upon the amplitude.

Important Points 

• The Pitch of the sound depends upon frequency. 
• Mathematically, loudness is directly proportional to the square of the amplitude. 

L ∝ A2

Concept:

• Any battery (actually it may have one or more than one cell connected in series) or cell that we use as a source of electrical energy is a galvanic cell where the chemical energy of the redox reaction is converted into electrical energy. 
• In the primary batteries, the reaction occurs only once, and after use over some time battery becomes dead and cannot be reused again.
• The most familiar example of this type is the dry cell (known as Leclanche cell after its discoverer) which is used commonly in our transistors and clocks. 
• The cell consists of a zinc container that also acts as anode and the cathode is a carbon (graphite) rod surrounded by powdered manganese dioxide and carbon.
• The space between the electrodes is filled by a moist paste of ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and zinc chloride (ZnCl2). 

Explanation:

• The cell consists of a zinc container that acts as the anode.
• The cathode is a carbon (graphite) rod surrounded by a cathodic material powder of manganese dioxide and carbon.

So, The positive pole of the dry cell is made up of C (carbon).