Question Discussion & Solution

Achar Sudharini Sabha is NOT correct.

• Achar Sudharini Sabha was established by Yamuna Prasad Verma in 1910 AD. 

Key Points

•  Asparshyata Nivaran Sangh, Valmiki Sangh, Adiwasi Sangh were established by Pandit Hari Narayan Sharma.
  • These Sangh did work for the social and political empowerment of the tribe class.
• Pandit Hari Narayan Sharma established Alwar Prajamandal in 1938 AD with help of Kunj Bihari Modi.

Additional Information

• Yamuna Prasad Verma was related to Dholpur Prajamandal.
  • He established Achar Sudharini Sabha in 1910 AD.
  • He established Arya Samaj in 1911 AD.

The correct answer is  Dungarpur - Banswara.

Key Points

• The Bhagat movement was extended to the Banswara and Dungarpur districts of Rajasthan.​
• This movement was mainly started by the farmers of the Bhil tribe.
• Started by Sarji Bhagat and Govind Guru together.
  • In 1883 AD, Govind Giri established the Samp Sabha, whose first session was held in 1903 AD on the hills of Mangarh.
  • In 1913, the Mewar Bhil Corps opened fire on the Ashwin Shukla Purnima, surrounded by a meeting on the hill of Mangadh, in which more than 1500 Bhils were killed.
  • The Mewar Bhil Corps was formed in Khairwara in 1841AD.
• Even today, the Ashwin Shukla Purnima fair is held at this place.

• In 1921, Daya Ram Sahni unearthed the civilisation of Harappa in Montgomery district of Punjab province of British India.
• The Vedic name of Ravi river was Parushni.
• Archaeological findings in Harappa were Granaries in a row, Clay figures of Mother Goddess, Copper scale, Stone symbols of Lingam, etc.

The correct answer is Sheel Bhadra Yajee.

Key Points

• Sheel Bhadra Yajee joined Subhas Chandra Bose to found All India Forward Bloc and actively associated with the INA movement.
• Sheel Bhadra Yajee:
  • Sheel Bhadra Yajee was a social activist from Bihar who was associated with the non-violent and violent form of the Indian independence movement.
  • Pandit Sheel Bhadra Yajee birth took on 22 March 1906 at Bhaktiyarpur village in Patna district of Bihar.
  • He was the only child of Pandit Shivtahal Yajee and Smt. Reshma Yajee.
  • Sheel Bhadra mother died when he was just 10-years-old.
  • Yajee's involvement in the freedom movement began in 1928 when, as a student, he attended the Calcutta Session of the Indian National Congress.
  • He affixed to the Congress Socialist Party four years later and became involved in the Kisan movement.
  • Later, he came in near touch with Subhas Chandra Bose and Mahatma Gandhi.

Additional Information

• Subhas Chandra Bose:
  • Subhas Chandra Bose was an Indian nationalist whose defiant patriotism made him a hero in India.
  • His attempts during World War II to rid India of British rule with the help of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan left a troubled legacy.
  • Subhash Chandra Bose was twice elected President of the Indian National Congress, (1938-Haripur and 1939-Tripuri) the country’s most important political force for freedom from the Raj or British rule.
  • Owing to political differences, he resigned from the Congress Presidentship in 1939 and organised the All India Forward Bloc a faction within the Congress in Bengal.
  • The purpose was to consolidate the political left and major support base in his home state Bengal.
• Jai Prakash Narayan:
  • In 1948, he left the Congress Party and initiated an anti-Congress Campaign.
  • In 1952, he formed the Praja Socialist Party (PSP).
  • In 1954, he devoted his life exclusively to the Bhoodan Yajna Movement, of Vinoba Bhave, which demanded land redistribution to the landless.
  • In 1959 he argued for a “reconstruction of Indian polity” by means of a four-tier hierarchy of village, district, state, and union councils (Chaukhamba Raj).
  • He started Total Revolution: Against Indira Gandhi Regime as she was found guilty of violating electoral laws by the Allahabad High Court.
  • He advocated a program of social transformation which he termed ‘Sampoorna Kranti' (total revolution) in 1974 against corruption in public life.
• Baikunth Shukla:
  • Shaheed Baikunth Shukla was an Indian nationalist and revolutionary.
  • He was the nephew of Yogendra Shukla, one of the founders of the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA).
  • Baikunth Shukla was hanged for murdering Traitor Phanindra Nath Ghosh who had become a government approver which led to the hanging of Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev Thapar and ShivRam Rajguru.
  • Baikunth Shukla was also initiated into the freedom struggle at a young age taking an active part in the Salt Satyagraha of 1930.
  • He was associated with revolutionary organisations like the Hindustan Seva Dal and HSRA.
  • The execution of Indian revolutionaries Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev in 1931 as a result of their trial in the Lahore conspiracy case was an event that shook the entire country.

The correct answer is Nalanda.

Important Points

• Chinese traveler Hiuen-Tsang studied at the University of Nalanda.
• Nalanda University was the first ever university of India which was founded in the 5th century CE but got abandoned in the 13th century.
• Its ruins are found in present-day Bihar.

Additional Information

• Xuanzang, born Chen Hui / Chen Yi, was a Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator who traveled to India in the seventh century and described the interaction between Chinese Buddhism and Indian Buddhism during the early Tang dynasty.