The correct answer is Inflation.
Key Points
- Inflation:
- Inflation is an increase in the level of prices of the goods and services that households buy.
- It is measured as the rate of change of those prices.
- The well-known indicator of inflation is the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which measures the percentage change in the price of a basket of goods and services consumed by households.
- Inflation refers to the increase in the prices of the goods and services of daily use, such as food, housing, clothing, transport, recreation, consumer staples, etc.
- Inflation is calculated in India by the Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation.
Additional Information
- Deflation:
- It is also called negative inflation.
- During a deflationary period, prices fall in the same way as they arise in the case of inflation: continuously and in a generalized manner.
- Stagflation:
- Stagflation is the extreme economic situation, a peculiar combination of stagnant growth and rising inflation leading to high unemployment.
- Causes of Stagflation:
- Government expansion of the money supply.
- Decreasing level of Productivity.
- Supply-side shock.
- Increasing structural Unemployment.
- Central bank raising Interest rates.
- A sudden increase in oil prices.
- Hyperinflation:
- It is the situation when the price of goods and services rises uncontrollably over a definite time period.
- It is also called Rapid Inflation.