Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is 65th Constitutional Amendment, 1992.

Key Points

• The constitutional recognition to National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes was given by the 65th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1990, and the commission was formed on 12th March 1992. 
• By the 89th Constitutional Amendment Act 2003, the erstwhile National Commission for SC and ST has been replaced by 

1. National Commission for Scheduled Caste.
2. National Commission for Scheduled Tribe. 

• Both the chairman and members of the commission are appointed by the President.
• The term of office of Chairman and members is decided by the President (generally, it is for 3 years) from the date on which he or she assumes office.
• All the members of the commission shall not be eligible for an appointment of more than 2 terms. 
• The composition of the commission includes Chairman, Deputy-Chairman, and 3 other members. 
• At least one member should be a woman.
• The Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the Commission have the status of Union Minister and Union Minister of State.
• While investigating any matter or inquiring about any complaint, the Commission shall have all the powers which the Civil Court has while pursuing the suit.
• The commission will submit its annual report to the President in case of Centre and Governor in case of State.

Additional Information

• 102nd Constitutional Amendment, 2018 provides Constitutional status to National Commission for Backward Classes.
• 104th  Constitutional Amendment, 2020 extended the reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha and states assemblies from 70 years to 80 years.
  • It also removed the reserved seats for the Anglo-Indian community in the Lok Sabha and state assemblies.

The correct answer is Both 1 and 2.

Key Points

• The National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) has been constituted under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987 to provide free Legal Services to the weaker sections of the society and to organize Lok Adalats for amicable settlement of disputes.
  • ​Hence statement 1 is correct.
• In every State, State Legal Services Authority has been constituted to give effect to the policies and directions of the NALSA and to give free legal services to the people and conduct Lok Adalats in the State.
  • ​NALSA issues guidelines for the State Legal Services Authorities to implement the legal programmes and schemes throughout the country.
  • Hence statement 2 is correct.

​​​Additional Information

• Objectives of Legal Services Authorities are:
  • Provide free legal aid and advice.
  • Spread legal awareness.
  • Organize lok adalats.
  • Promote settlements of disputes through Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Mechanisms. Various kinds of ADR mechanisms are Arbitration, Conciliation, Judicial settlement including settlement through Lok Adalat, or Mediation.
  • Provide compensation to victims of crime.
• Persons Eligible for Free Legal Services:
  • Women and Children
  • Persons with disability
  • Member of Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribes
  • Industrial Workmen
  • Persons in custody
  • Victims of natural disasters, ethnic/caste violence, industrial disaster
  • Victims of Human Trafficking or Begar
  • Persons with an annual income of less than Rs. 1,00,000/- or as notified by the Central/State Governments.​

The correct answer is Mohan Lal Sukhadia.

Key Points

• Mohan Lal Sukhadia was an Indian politician who served as the Chief Minister of the state of Rajasthan for 17 years from 1954 to 1971.
• He is also known as "Founder of Modern Rajasthan".
• He strongly opposed social evils like casteism and untouchability.
• He raised awareness for a progressive society in Rajasthan.
• He also served as the Governor of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu.
• He became the Chief Minister at the age of 38 and was responsible for bringing major reforms and development in Rajasthan.

Additional Information

• Jai Narayan Vyas
  • ​He was the third Chief Minister of Rajasthan from 1951 to 1952 and from 1952 to 1954.
• Tika Ram Paliwal
  • He was the fourth Chief Minister of Rajasthan.
  • Tika Ram Paliwal became the first democratically elected Chief Minister of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly after Jai Narayan Vyas lost in the elections.

The correct answer is Jhajjar.

Key Points

• Bhagwat Dayal Sharma, also known as Panditji, was the first Chief Minister of Haryana.
  • He was born in Beri, a town in the Jhajjar district of Haryana, on 26 January 1918.
  • He was appointed first Chief Minister of Haryana on 1 November 1966 and represented the Jhajjar constituency.
  • He also took active participation in the freedom struggle from 1941–47.
  • He also served as the Governor of Odisha and Madhya Pradesh from 30 April 1980 to 14 May 1984.
  • He died on 22 February 1993 because of old age-related issues.

The correct answer is September 2020.

• Rajya Sabha passed the Major Port Authorities Bill, 2020 on 10 February 2021.
• The Lok Sabha had passed the bill on September 23, 2020.
• The Bill aims to provide for the regulation, operation and planning of Major Ports in India and to vest the administration, control and management of such ports upon the Boards of Major Port Authorities.