Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is X-Ray.

• Electromagnetic (EM) radiation includes radiation via radio waves, microwaves, X-rays and gamma rays.

Key Points

• Electromagnetic (EM) radiation is a form of energy that is all around us and takes many forms.
• Electromagnetic (EM) radiation includes radiation via radio waves, microwaves, X-rays and gamma rays.
• Sunlight is also a form of EM energy.

​Additional Information

• ​EM radiation spans an includes a range of wavelengths and frequencies.
• This range is known as the electromagnetic spectrum.
• The EM spectrum is generally divided into seven regions:
  • Radio waves,
  • Microwaves,
  • Infrared (IR),
  • Visible light,
  • Ultraviolet (UV),
  • X-rays,
  • Gamma rays.

Important Points

• Radio waves have the longest wavelength.
• Gamma rays have the shortest wavelength.

The correct answer is Fermentation.

Key Points

• Fermentation:
  • The biological process, in which sugar molecules are converted into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide with the help of some microbes like yeast and bacteria is called alcohol fermentation.
  • It is an anaerobic process. i.e. it occurs in the absence of oxygen.
  • The process is governed by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase
  • Alcoholic fermentation has many uses such as for the production of alcoholic beverages, ethanol fuel, and bread cooking.

Additional Information

• Moulding:
  • ​Moulding is a typical process in which a type of fungus that grows surface of fruits and vegetable.
  • These tubular branches have multiple, genetically identical nuclei, yet form a single organism, known as a colony.
  • In contrast, yeast is a type of fungus that grows as a single cell.
• Nitrogen Fixation:
  • Nitrogen fixation is the chemical process by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle. 
  • Atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by several methods like biological N2 fixation, Industrial N2 fixation & Electrical N2 fixation.
  • It is a necessary process, as the fixed nitrogen is used in the biosynthesis of several organic compounds like amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.
• Transcription:
  • ​The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed transcription or mRNA synthesis.
  • The process of transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the template DNA strand and begins to catalyze the production of complementary RNA.
  • It is completed in three steps Initiation, Elongation & Termination.

The correct answer is binary.

Key Points

• Binary language is used by computers to process data.
• Binary code was invented by Gottfried Leibniz.
• A binary code is a two-symbol system that represents text, computer processor instructions, or any other data.
• The binary number system's "0" and "1" are frequently utilized as the two-symbol system.
• Each character, instruction, or other object is assigned a pattern of binary digits, commonly known as bits, by the binary code.

The relation among the given numbers is:

1 × 2 = 2

2 % 3 = 2

2 × 4 = 8

8 % 5 = 3

3 × 6 = 18

18 % 7 = 4

4 × 8 = 32

32 % 9 = 5

(where ‘%’ is the modulo or the remainder operator.)

• In 1837, Charles Babbage proposed the first general mechanical computer, the Analytical Engine; The Analytical Engine contained an ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit), basic flow control, punch cards, and integrated memory
• Charles Babbage is credited with inventing the first mechanical computer that eventually led to more complex electronic designs, though all the essential ideas of modern computers are to be found in Babbage's analytical engine; Hence regarded as the father of computer science
• Blaise Pascal (1623 – 1662) was a French mathematician, physicist, inventor, writer and Catholic theologian
• John Napier (1550 – 1617) was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, and astronomer; He is best known as the discoverer of logarithms