Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is option 2, i.e. Penicillin.

• Alexander Fleming was a Scottish microbiologist, physician, and pharmacologist who discovered the first antibiotic substance, Penicillin G from Penicillium notatum in 1928.
  • For this discovery, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 along with Ernst Boris Chain and Howard Florey.
• The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke.
• Nucleus was discovered by Ernest Rutherford.
• DNA structure was discovered by Watson and Crick.

Hence, he is moving in north direction now.

The correct answer is Nagaland.

• 'Aaluyattu' is a folk dance form from the state of  Nagaland.

Key Points

• Aaluyattu is a folk dance form from the state of  Nagaland.
  • The dance is performed by the Konyak tribe.
  • Other folk dances of Nagaland are Modse, Agurshikukula, Sadal Kekai, Changai Dance, Kuki Dance, Leshalaptu, Khamba Lim, Mayur Dance, Rengma, Monyoasho, Seecha and Kukui Kucho.

Additional Information

• The folk dances of Kerala are Kaikottikali,  Mudiyett, Sangha Kali, Brahmanippattu, Dappu Kali, Kolkali and Vattakkali.
• The folk dances of Haryana are Ghumar, Ras Leela, Phag Dance, Loor, Daph dance.
• The folk dances of Goa are Dekhni, fugdi, Dashavatara, Dhalo, Goff and Kunbi.

The correct asnwer is Bikaner.

• The annual fair of Kolayat is organized in Bikaner, Rajasthan.
  • It is also called the Kapil Muni Mela.
  • It is organized in the Bikaner district of Rajasthan.
  • The fair is organized at the bank of the Kolayat river.
  • The fair is organized in the month of Karthik of the Hindu Calendar.

Additional Information

Fairs of Rajasthan

The correct answer is Fermentation.

Key Points

• Fermentation:
  • The biological process, in which sugar molecules are converted into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide with the help of some microbes like yeast and bacteria is called alcohol fermentation.
  • It is an anaerobic process. i.e. it occurs in the absence of oxygen.
  • The process is governed by the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase
  • Alcoholic fermentation has many uses such as for the production of alcoholic beverages, ethanol fuel, and bread cooking.

Additional Information

• Moulding:
  • ​Moulding is a typical process in which a type of fungus that grows surface of fruits and vegetable.
  • These tubular branches have multiple, genetically identical nuclei, yet form a single organism, known as a colony.
  • In contrast, yeast is a type of fungus that grows as a single cell.
• Nitrogen Fixation:
  • Nitrogen fixation is the chemical process by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle. 
  • Atmospheric nitrogen is fixed by several methods like biological N2 fixation, Industrial N2 fixation & Electrical N2 fixation.
  • It is a necessary process, as the fixed nitrogen is used in the biosynthesis of several organic compounds like amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.
• Transcription:
  • ​The process of copying genetic information from one strand of DNA into RNA is termed transcription or mRNA synthesis.
  • The process of transcription begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase attaches to the template DNA strand and begins to catalyze the production of complementary RNA.
  • It is completed in three steps Initiation, Elongation & Termination.