The correct answer is option 2.
Concept:
A process control block (PCB) is a data structure used by computer operating systems to store all process-related information. A process descriptor is another name for it. The operating system creates a process control block when a process is created (initialized or installed).
Process Control is a set of system calls that perform tasks such as process creation, termination, and so on.
Process Control Functions:
- End and Abort
- Load and Execute
- Abort, end
- Create Process and Terminate Process
- Wait and Signal Event
- Allocate and free memory.
Hence the correct answer is process control.
Additional Information File Management:
File manipulation tasks such as creating, reading, and writing is handled by file management system calls.
File manipulation Functions:
- Create a file
- Delete file
- Open and close file
- Read, write, and reposition
- Get and set file attributes
Device Management:
Device management is responsible for device manipulation such as reading from and writing to devise buffers.
Device management Functions:
- Request and release device
- Logically attach/ detach devices
- Get and Set device attributes
Information Maintenance:
It handles information and its transfer between the OS and the user program.
Information Maintenance Functions:
- Get or set time and date
- Get process and device attributes