Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Brown Loam Soil.

Key Points

• Brown Loam Soil-
  • This soil is found mostly in the central-eastern part of Rajasthan.
  • This soil is found mostly in Bhilwara, Ajmer, Tonk, Sawai Madhopur, districts.
  • This soil is also found in Banas and Luni Basin.
  • This soil is suitable for Groundnut crops.

Additional Information

• Black Soil-
  • This soil is found mostly in the southeastern parts of the Rajasthan.
  • This soil is deficient in lime, phosphoric acid, and humus.
  • This soil is rich in Potash and calcium.
  • Cotton is mostly grown in this soil.
  • This soil is known as Regur soil. 
• Red and Black Soil-
  • This soil is formed from a mixture of Malwa's plateau black soil and Southern Aravali's red soil.
  • This soil is found in Dungarpur, Banswara, Rajsamand, Udaipur, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh districts.
  • This soil is deficient in Phosphate, Nitrogen, Calcium, and Organic materials.
  • This soil is also found in Chambal and Mahi Basin.
  • Cotton and Maize are mostly grown crops on this soil.
• Red Loam Soil-
  • This soil is found in the southern part of Rajasthan.
  • This soil is found in Chittorgarh, Banswara, and Dungarpur districts.
  • This Soil is found in Chhapan's Plain.
  • This soil is deficient in Nitrogen, Calcium, and Phosphorous.
  • This soil is rich in Iron oxide, so this has red color.
  • This soil has the capacity for holding humidity for a long time.
  • This soil doesn't require much rain for farming.

The correct answer is Soap solution is alkaline.

Concept:

• Indicators are the substances that are used to identify whether the given substance is an acid or a base.
• There are two types of indicators:
  • Natural: These indicators are obtained from natural sources like plants. 
  • Turmeric, litmus, china rose petals, etc., are some of the naturally occurring indicators.
  • The most commonly used natural indicator is litmus.
  • It is extracted from lichens.
  • It is available in the form of a solution, or in the form of strips of paper, known as litmus paper.
  • Generally, it is available as red and blue litmus paper.
  • Man-made: Phenolphthalein, Methyl orange are some of the man-made indicators.

Explanation:

• • The indicators change their colour when added to a solution containing an acidic or a basic substance.
  • Turmeric is a natural indicator. It contains the substance

curcumin which changes colour with pH.

• When a substance is basic, the colour is red, whereas when the substance is acidic, the colour of turmeric turns yellow to brown

• Turmeric stains on the shirt turn red when washed with soap because the soap solution is basic in nature which changes the yellow colour of Turmeric into red colour.
• It is because turmeric contains tartaric acid, while the soap contains a sodium hydroxide base. When an acid reacts with a base, a neutralization reaction takes place and the stain becomes neutral.

Neutralization Reaction

• A neutralization reaction can be defined as a chemical reaction in which an acid and base quantitatively react together to form salt and water as products.

Saponification

• Saponification is the hydrolysis of an ester with NaOH or KOH to give alcohol and sodium or potassium salt of the acid.

The correct answer is Windows, Icons, Menus.

• In a GUI-based operating system, the graphical user interface is based on Windows, Icons, Menus.

Key Points

• A  graphical user interface(GUI) uses windows, icons, and menus to perform various commands, such as opening, deleting, and moving files.
• A GUI operating system is primarily navigated using a mouse, a keyboard can also be used via keyboard shortcuts or arrow keys. 

CONCEPT:

• Power is the ability to bend light and it is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length of the lens/mirror in meters.

Power (P) = 1/f

Where f is the focal length of the lens/mirror.

EXPLANATION:

As explained above, Dioptre is a unit of measurement of the optical power of a lens or curved mirror, which is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length measured in metres.

And since the S.I unit of the focal length is the meter (m).

So the S.I unit of power = 1/(SI unit of focal length) = m-1 = Dioptre (D).

1 m-1 = 1 D

Explanation:

• Plants that grow in the desert have to withstand long dry spells of summer and extreme weather condition
• Hence their leaves stem and roots get modified to prevent loss of excess water and to store water
• Some common adaptation seen in desert plants are:
• 'they have a long root that goes deep in search of water
• they have reduced or very few leaves
• The stem is modified to store water
• Additionally, leaves may turn into spines to protect from predators

Additional Information

• Desert Oak is a tree that is found in  Australia.
• It is found in the dry and arid regions of Australia
• It grows almost 10 ft tall
• It has very few leaves
• Its roots go very deep in search of water
• This water is stored in the tree trunk. Local people use a thin pipe to drink this water.

• Scientific Name: Allocasuarina decaisneana 

• The suspensions that hand from branches are nothing but modifies leaves in order to reduce water loss