Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Mewar.

• The king and chieftain of Mewar gave Khurram the title of Shah Jahan in Badal Mahal on his arrival from Surat to Udaipur.

Key Points

Some important information about Khurram as follows- 

Additional Information

• Some of the battles between Mughals and Rajputs:
  • Siege of Bayana​
    • Rana Sanga led the Rajput army sieged the fortress of Bayana held by Nizam Khan in Feb 1527. 
    • Babur sent a detachment under Mohammad Sultan Mirza to relieve the fortress, the Mughal contingent failed to take the fort of Bayana.
  • Battle of Khanwa
    • Rajput Confederacy under Rana Sanga was defeated by Babur in 1527.
    • This was the largest battle ever that happened between the Mughals and Rajputs involving a total of more than 150,000 soldiers.
  • Siege of Chittorgarh
    • Akbar led the Mughal army besieged the famed Chittorgarh fort in 1567, which was then under command of Jaimal Rathore and Patta Singh Sisodia, commanders of Udai Singh.
    • The siege went on for 4 months and finally after the death of Jaimal, the fortress walls breached, that ensued Mughals emerged victoriously.
  • Siege of Ranthambore (1568)
    • Rao Surjan Hada had to surrender Ranthambore Fort to Akbar after later successfully put the fort under siege.
  • Battle of Dewair
    • The first battle of Dewair took place in 1582 between armies of Maharana Pratap and Mughal Garrison of dewair. Pratap's army defeated the Mughal army in this battle.
    • Maharana Amar Singh defended against the Mughal army led by Prince Parviz and Asaf Khan in 1606 resulted in stalemate. 

• Dioptre is the S.I. Unit of Power of a lens.
• A dioptre is equal to the reciprocal of the focal length measured in metres.
• Power of a lens is the ability of a lens to converge or diverge light rays depending on its focal length.

Polymorphism:-

• The word polymorphism means having many forms. In simple words, we can define polymorphism as the ability of a message to be displayed in more than one form.
• A real-life example of polymorphism is when two people have distinct characteristics at the same time. At the same time, he is a father, a spouse, and an employee. As a result, the same person behaves differently in different settings. 
•  Polymorphism is considered one of the important features of Object-Oriented Programming.

Polymorphism is mainly divided into two types:

• Compile-time Polymorphism
• Runtime Polymorphism

Compile-time polymorphism

This is achieved by function overloading or operator overloading.

• Function Overloading - When there are multiple functions with the same name but different parameters then these functions are said to be overloaded
• Operator overloading - When there are multiple operations that can be performed by using a single operator is called operator overloading for example operator ‘+’ when placed between integer operands, adds them, and when placed between string operands, concatenates them.

Run Time Polymorphism

It is achieved by Function Overriding

Additional Information

Encapsulation

• It is the process or method to contain the information.
• Wrapping of data and function into a single unit is called data encapsulation
• Encapsulation is a method to hide the data in a single entity or unit along with a method to protect information from outside.
• It can be implemented using by access modifier.  

Inheritance

The capability of a class to derive properties from another class is called Inheritance

• The class that inherits properties from another class is called Subclass or Derived Class.
• The class whose properties are inherited by a subclass is called Base Class or Superclass.

Syntax for Inheritance

class derived_name : access_mode base_class

{

//body of the derived class

};

The correct answer is Element.

Key Points

• An electric room heater or an electric heater used for cooking contains a coil of wire.
• The coil of wire used in electric heaters is called a heating element.
• The heating coil of the electric room heater transfers the electric energy into heat energy.
• The elements become red hot and give out heat after connecting to the electric supply.
• The amount of heat produced in a wire depends on its material used, length, and thickness.
• The coil of the electric heater is made up of nichrome.
• Nichrome consists of 80% nickel, 20% chromium.

Additional Information

• The filament is usually made of very thin tungsten wire.
  • In an incandescent bulb, an electric current is passed through a metal filament.
• A cell is a single unit device that converts chemical energy into electric energy.
  • It produces electricity capable to run smaller appliances.
• A battery usually consists of a group of cells.

Mistake Points

• A filament is a fine resistance wire the purpose of which is to emit white light. 
• An element is a resistive wire the sole purpose of which is to produce heat.

The correct answer is Violence.

Key Points

• Violence
  • It is defined by the World Health Organization in the WRVH as “the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment or deprivation” 

Additional Information

• Nonviolence
  • It is the personal practice of not causing harm to one's self and others under every condition.
• Hatred
  • It is an angry or resentful emotional response to certain people or ideas.