Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Chambal River.

• Kota is situated on the bank of the Chambal River.

Key Points

Important cites on the riverbank in India​

Logic: second Number = First Number × 2 + 1

Third Number = First Number ÷ 2 + 1

(56, 113, 29) → 56 × 2 + 1 = 113, 56 ÷ 2 + 1 → 29

(68, 137, 33) → 68 × 2 + 1 = 137, 68 ÷ 2 + 1 → 35 ≠ 33

( 72, 145, 37) → 72 × 2 + 1 = 145, 72 ÷ 2 + 1 → 37

(84, 169, 43) → 84 × 2 + 1 = 169, 84 ÷ 2 + 1 → 43

The correct answer is Bacteria.

Key Points

• The cause of dysentery is usually the bacteria Shigella, in which case it is known as shigellosis, or the amoeba Entamoeba histolytica. Other causes may include certain chemicals, other bacteria, protozoa, or parasitic worms.
• Amoebic dysentery is caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. It is transmitted in areas where poor sanitation allows contamination of drinking water and food with feces. In these areas, up to 40% of people with diarrhea may have amoebic dysentery.

Important Points

• Disease caused by Viruses:
  • Chickenpox - It is caused by the Varicella-zoster virus
  • Small Pox - It is caused by the Variola virus
  • Common Cold -It is caused by Rhinovirus
  • AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome) - It is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
  • Measles -It is caused by the Measles virus
  • Mumps -It is caused by the Mumps virus
  • Rabies - It is caused by the Rabies virus (Rhabdoviridae family)
  • Dengue fever -It is caused by the Dengue virus
  • Viral encephalitis - It is an inflammation of the brain. It is caused by the rabies virus, Herpes simplex, poliovirus, measles virus, and JC virus
• Disease caused by Bacteria:

  • Whooping Cough - It is caused by a bacterium called Bordetella pertussis.

  • Diphtheria - It is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
  • Cholera - It is caused by Vibrio cholera
  • Leprosy - It is caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
  • Pneumonia- It is caused by Streptococcus pneumonia
  • Tetanus - It is caused by Clostridium tetani
  • Typhoid - It is caused by Salmonella typhi
  • Tuberculosis - It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Plague - It is caused by Yersinia pestis
• Disease Caused by Protozoans: 
  • Malaria is spread by Anopheles mosquitoes. The Plasmodium parasite that causes malaria is neither a virus nor a bacteria
  • Amoebic dysentery: It is caused by Entamoebahistolytica.
  • Sleeping sickness:  It is caused by Trypanosomabrucei.
  • Kala-azar It is caused by Leishmaniadonovani.
• Disease Caused by Worms
  • Tapeworm: They are intestinal parasites. It cannot live on its own. It survives within the intestine of an animal including a human
  • Filariasis: It is caused by a thread
  • Pinworm: It is caused by a small, thin, white roundworm called Enterobiusvermicularis.

The correct answer is Natural Gas.

Key Points

•  Fossil Fuel: Fossil Fuels are the fuels generated from the residues of living organisms (which remained buried under the earth for millions of years).
  • Examples: Coal, Petroleum, and Natural gas.
  • They are also known as Non-Renewable Natural Resources.​

 Additional Information

• Natural Gas: It is considered the best fuel because of the inflammable nature of its constituents(83% methane and 16%ethane).
  • It is used in the production of artificial chemical fertilizers. 
• Coke: It is obtained by the strong heating of coal in the absence of air as a residual substance. 
  • It contains 80-85% carbon.
  • Coke is used in the extension of metals as a reducing agent.
• Producer Gas: It is a mixture of nitrogen and carbon monoxide(in 2:1 ratio).
  • It is used in the manufacture of glass and for metallurgy. 

The correct answer is Application software.

Key Points

• Spreadsheets, photo editing, PowerPoint, word documents, etc, are examples of Application software.
  • Application software, or app for short, is software that performs specific tasks for an end-user.
  • Effectively, if the user is interacting directly with a piece of software it is application software.
    • For example, Microsoft Word or Excel is application software, as are common web browsers such as Firefox or Google Chrome.
  • It also includes the category of mobile apps, including communication apps such as WhatsApp or games such as Candy Crush Saga.

Additional Information

• System Software
  • System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs.
  • If we think of the computer system as a layered model, the system software is the interface between the hardware and user applications.
  • The operating system is the best-known example of system software.
  • The OS manages all the other programs on a computer.
  • System software is used to manage the computer itself.
    • It runs in the background, maintaining the computer's basic functions so users can run higher-level application software to perform certain tasks.
    • Essentially, system software provides a platform for application software to be run on top of.
• System software generally includes the following features:
  • High speed
    • System software must be as efficient as possible to provide an effective platform for higher-level software in the computer system.
  • Hard to manipulate
    • It often requires the use of a programming language, which is more difficult to use than a more intuitive user interface (UI).
  • Written in a low-level computer language
    • System software must be written in a computer language the central processing unit (CPU) and other computer hardware can read.
  • Close to the system
    • It connects directly to the hardware that enables the computer to run.
  • Versatile
    • System software must communicate with both the specialized hardware it runs on and the higher-level application software that is usually hardware-agnostic and often has no direct connection to the hardware it runs on. 
• The platform is hardware and software architecture that acts as a foundation or base upon which other applications, processes, or technologies are developed.
  • In computing, platform refers to basic hardware i.e., computer system, and software i.e., the operating system on which software applications are often run.