Question Discussion & Solution

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Hence, ‘JAK’ is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Charles Darwin.

Explanation:

Charles Darwin:

• Darwin proposed a theory of evolution called natural selection in the year 1859.
• According to it those populations which are a better fit (reproductively fit) in an environment will be selected by nature and will survive more.
• Darwin's theory of natural selection is popularly known as 'Darwinism'.
• English naturalist Charles Darwin developed the idea of natural selection after a five-year voyage to study plants, animals, and fossils in South America and on islands in the Pacific.
• Darwin conducted a sea voyage in a sailing ship called H.M.S Beagle as a part of his experiments on the theory of evolution.
• Charles Darwin became almost universally thought of as the "Father of Evolution".
• Darwin's process of natural selection has four components:
  • Variation
  • Inheritance
  • High rate of population growth
  • Differential survival and reproduction

Thus, Charles Darwin proposed the theory of biological evolution by natural selection.

Additional Information 

Gregor Johann Mendels Theory:

• Mendel used a number of contrasting visible characters of garden peas- round/wrinkled seeds, tall/short plants, white/violet flowers, and so on.
• He took pea plants with different characteristics- a tall plant and a short plant, produced progeny from them and calculated the percentages of tall or short progeny.

William Beaumont:

• William Beaumont (November 21, 1785 – April 25, 1853) was a surgeon in the U.S. Army.
• He became known as the "Father of Gastric Physiology" following his research on human digestion.
• In 1822, an employee of the American Fur Company named Alexis St. Martin was accidentally shot.
• Dr Beaumont treated his wound but expected St. Martin to die from his injuries.
• Despite this dire prediction, St. Martin survived but with a hole in his stomach that never fully healed.
• He was hired as a handyman by Dr Beaumont to observe digestive processes.​

Ernst Haeckel:

• The great scientist Ernst Haeckel was given credit to coin and express the definition of the term “Ecology”.
• ​He was a german scientist.

First is managed by the second.

Thus, Jailor is the related to prison.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Character, Field, Record, File, Database.

Additional Information

• A character is any letter, number, space, punctuation mark, or symbol that can be typed on a computer.
• The word "computer," for example, consists of eight characters.
• The term "fields" refers to columns or vertical categories of data.
• A record is composed of fields and contains all the data about one particular person,
• A file is the common storage unit in a computer, and all programs and data are "written" into a file and "read" from a file.
• A database is an organized collection of structured information, or data, typically stored electronically in a computer system.
• A database is usually controlled by a database management system (DBMS).

Concept-

• Roots are the underground structures that help in the absorption of water and minerals, provide a proper anchorage to the plant parts, storage of reserve food material (Carrot, Radish), and synthesis of PGR (plant growth regulators).
• Sometimes roots get modified to perform different functions like Storage of food, respiration, climbing, etc.
• These types of roots are called modified roots.

Explanation-

• The Coralloid roots are the specialized roots found in cycas, these roots exhibit a symbiotic relationship between the cyanobacteria and cycas where the cyanobacteria fix the nitrogen and in return, the cycas provide a stable environment to live.
• Cycas, a genus of 105 species of palmlike tropical and subtropical ornamental cycads (family Cycadaceae), among them trees 12 meters (40 feet) or more in height. 
• Their leaves are dark green and circinate (uncoiling as fern leaves do), differing from those of other members of the family in having a midrib but no lateral veins. 
• The seeds are borne along the margins of modified leaves, which are arranged in a whorl at the top of the trunk, rather than in compact cones. 

Thereby coralloid roots are found in cycas.

Additional Information

• Lycopodiopsida
  • It is a class of herbaceous vascular plants known as lycopods, lycophytes.
  • Members of the class are called clubmosses, firmosses, and quillworts.
• Pine
  • A pine is any conifer in the genus Pinus of the family Pinaceae. Pinus is the sole genus in the subfamily Pinoideae.
• Dryopteris
  • It is commonly called the wood ferns, male ferns, or buckler ferns is a fern genus in the family Dryopteridaceae.​