Question Discussion & Solution

Inheritance

The capability of a class to derive properties from another class is called Inheritance

• The class that inherits properties from another class is called Subclass or Derived Class.
• The class whose properties are inherited by a subclass is called Base Class or Superclass.

Syntax for Inheritance

class derived_name : access_mode base_class

{

//body of derived class

};

Additional Information 

Polymorphism

Polymorphism is mainly divided into two types:

• Compile-time Polymorphism
• Runtime Polymorphism

Compile-time polymorphism

This is achieved by function overloading or operator overloading.

• Function Overloading - When there are multiple functions with the same name but different parameters then these functions are said to be overloaded
• Operator overloading - When there are multiple operations can be performed by using single operator is called operator overloading for example operator ‘+’ when placed between integer operands, adds them and when placed between string operands, concatenates them

Run Time Polymorphism

It is achieved by Function Overriding.

Conclusion

Feature of Reusability is followed by inheritance so the correct answer is the inheritance.

The correct answer is cookie.

Key Points

• A cookie is a small text file (up to 4 KB) created by a website that is stored in the user's computer temporarily for only that session or permanently in storage.
  • Cookies provide a way for the website to recognize you and track your preferences.
  • Cookies are typically used to "maintain the state" of the browser session. For example, users can place items in a shopping cart, switch to another page or another site, and when they return, the site recognizes them and the current state of the cart.
  • Cookies consist of a series of URLs (addresses) for which they are valid. When the web browser or other HTTP application again sends a request to the webserver containing those URLs, it sends it along with the associated cookies.
  • For example, if your user ID and password are stored in a cookie, this saves you from typing the same information over and over again the next time you access that service.
  • Cookies allow the website to customize the pages and create a custom experience for each individual.

Additional Information

• Malware
  • Malware is malicious software intended to cause damage to a computer or network.
  • Types of malware include viruses, worms, spyware, and ransomware.
  • Malware can find its way onto computers when a user clicks a link or email attachment that installs malicious software.
• Bug
  • A bug computer definition is referred to as a failure or a flaw in the software program.
  • A Bug produces an incorrect or undesired result that deviates from the expected result or behaviour.
  • When you add two numbers using this app and if it shows you a wrong total, then we can say this app has a bug.
• Cache
  • The cache is the temporary memory officially termed "CPU cache memory".
  • "Cache" is also used to refer to any temporary collection of data, either in hardware or software.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e. Penicillin.

• Alexander Fleming was a Scottish microbiologist, physician, and pharmacologist who discovered the first antibiotic substance, Penicillin G from Penicillium notatum in 1928.
  • For this discovery, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 along with Ernst Boris Chain and Howard Florey.
• The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke.
• Nucleus was discovered by Ernest Rutherford.
• DNA structure was discovered by Watson and Crick.

The correct answer is Lead and Tin.

Key Points

• Soldering is the process of joining two metal objects together by a third soft metal alloy which is called solder.
• Solder is a metal alloy that melts at a lower temperature than the metals being soldered.
• A commonly used alloy is solder, which is an alloy of tin (Sn) and lead (Pb).
• The alloy of tin-lead solder is a mixture of 63% tin and 37% lead. 63/37 solder melts at 183°C.
• So, Alloy of tin (Sn) and lead (Pb) is used for welding electrical wire together.

Additional Information

• Element Tin (Sn) belongs to Group 14 of the periodic table.
  • Atomic Number - 50
  • Atomic Mass  - 118.710 amu.
• Element Lead (Pb) belongs to Group 14.
  • Atomic Number - 82
  • Atomic Mass - 207.2 amu.

The pattern followed is,

Accident can cause Injury.

Similarly,

Infection can cause Disease.