Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Vitamin C.

Important Points

• Scurvy is a nutritional disorder of humankind.
  • Scurvy is caused by the deficiency of Vitamin C
  • Ascorbic acid is the chemical name of vitamin C.
  • Vitamin C is the first artificially synthesized vitamin.
  • Vitamin C is essential for the healing of wounds, repair, and maintenance of cartilage, bone, and teeth.
  • Vitamin C deteriorated through cooking and canning of food.

Additional Information 

• Xerophthalmia and night blindness are the deficiency diseases of Vitamin A.
• Rickets is the deficiency diseases of Vitamin D.
• Hemorrhage is the deficiency diseases of Vitamin K.

Concept-

Vestigial organs are the organs that once were useful in an animal's body millions of years ago, but now they are useless or very close to useless.

Key Points Human heart-

• The human heart is not vestigial as at present times it has its own functions in the human body.
• The human heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body.
• Heart pumps the blood through the vessels of the circulatory system, supplying oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing carbon dioxide and other wastes.
• The tissues of the body need a constant supply of nutrition in order to be active which is performed by blood.

Additional Information Wisdom teeth

• Wisdom teeth are no longer totally necessary. Today, humans cook food to soften it, and we can cut and crush it with utensils.So at this time they are vestigial.
• Early humans needed to chew coarse, hearty foods, they required a broader jaw.
• Wisdom teeth grew in to give them more chewing power for this purpose.

Nictitating membrane of eye

• In humans, the nictitating membrane is the pink lump in the inner corner of the eyes which is known as the caruncula lacrimalis.
• In this structure, the remaining of the nictitating membrane are permanently folded into that corner and no longer functional.So it is vestigial.

Vermiform appendix

• The human appendix may be considered as a vestigial organ as it has been proved that the removal of the organ after infancy does not create any harm.
• Its function is to digest cellulose.

The correct answer is between 13 to 20 days.

Key Points

• The life span of the WBC is between 13 to 20 days. 
• The life span of the RBC is 20-120 days and it gets destroyed in the spleen area of the human body to recycle Iron content.
• The life span of the blood platelets is 3-5 days. 
• WBC's are mainly responsible for the protection of the body from diseases.

Additional Information

 Important Points

• WBCs are also called leukocytes or white corpuscles.
• The life span of WBCs is 13 to 20 days.
• Total WBCs count ranges from 4,500 to 10,000.
• WBCs are a cellular component of the blood that lacks hemoglobin, has a nucleus, is capable of mobility, and producing antibodies.
• They act as a " Soldier or Guard " of our body.
• The size of WBCs is 12 to 17 µm in Diameter and about three times RBCs.
• WBCs do not have any Fixed shape, it may be circular, rhomboid, or any other shape.

The correct answer is Windows, Icons, Menus.

• In a GUI-based operating system, the graphical user interface is based on Windows, Icons, Menus.

Key Points

• A  graphical user interface(GUI) uses windows, icons, and menus to perform various commands, such as opening, deleting, and moving files.
• A GUI operating system is primarily navigated using a mouse, a keyboard can also be used via keyboard shortcuts or arrow keys. 

The correct answer is Methane.

Key Points

• Methane (CH4)
  • It is the simplest hydrocarbon consisting of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms and the simplest hydrocarbon, is the most abundant hydrocarbon pollutant.
  • It is a powerful greenhouse gas.
  • Major natural sources of methane include emissions from wetlands, and oceans and from the digestive processes of termites.
  • Methane is more than 25 times as potent as carbon dioxide at trapping heat in the atmosphere.

Additional Information

• Butane is a gaseous component (at room temperature and atmospheric pressure) of the Alkane group having the chemical formula is C4H10.
• It is a colourless, highly flammable, and easily liquefied gas.
• In the abundance of oxygen, it forms Carbon dioxide, but if limited oxygen is available, then it forms Carbon Monoxide.

2C4H10 + 13O2 → 8CO2 + 10H2O                   (oxygen in plenty)

2C4H10 + 9O2 → 8CO + 10H2O                      (oxygen is limited)

• Uses –
  • Gasoline blending
  • Fuel gas
  • Fragrance extraction solvent
  • Feedstock for the manufacture of ethylene and butadiene
  • Ingredient for synthetic rubber
  • Isobutane to enhance the Octane number of gasoline in refineries.
• A propane molecule has three carbon atoms and eight hydrogen bonds and has the formula C3H8. 
• Propane is a colourless, easily liquefied, gaseous hydrocarbon (compound of carbon and hydrogen) and the third member of the paraffin series following methane and ethane.
• Propane is produced as a by-product of two other processes, natural gas processing and petroleum refining.
• It is separated in large quantities from natural gas, light crude oil, and oil-refinery gases and is commercially available as liquefied propane or as a major constituent of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
• Uses: 
  • It is used in LPG, also used as biofuel in buses and taxis and it is also the main gas in blowtorches and for hot air balloons.
  • Propane gas has become a popular choice for barbecues and portable stoves because its low boiling point makes it vaporize as soon as it is released from its pressurized container.
• The chemical formula of Ethane is C2H6.
• It is a colourless, odourless gas at normal temperature and pressure.
• It is extracted from natural gas on an industrial scale and is a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining.
• Michael Faraday first synthesized it in 1834, using the electrolysis of a solution of potassium acetate.