Question Discussion & Solution

The correct answer is Open Cast Mining.

• Open Cast Mining is the process under which minerals are mined near the earth's surface.

Key Points

• Opencast mining is the process that involves the removal of ore from seams relatively near the surface by means of an open-pit.
• These mines occupy a large area of land for excavation of the ore and disposal of the overburden.

Additional Information

• Drilling is a cutting process which uses a drill bit to cut a hole of circular cross-section in solid materials or ground.
• Quarrying is the process of removing rock, sand, gravel or minerals from the ground in order to use them to produce materials for construction or other uses.
• Shaft mining is the process where miners dig straight down until they reach their desired depth. 

The correct answer is Windows, Icons, Menus.

• In a GUI-based operating system, the graphical user interface is based on Windows, Icons, Menus.

Key Points

• A  graphical user interface(GUI) uses windows, icons, and menus to perform various commands, such as opening, deleting, and moving files.
• A GUI operating system is primarily navigated using a mouse, a keyboard can also be used via keyboard shortcuts or arrow keys. 

The correct answer is In 1240.

• Razia Sultan was removed from the throne in1240.

Key Points

• Razia Sultan (1236 AD-1240 AD):
  • She belonged to the Slave Dynasty.
  • She was the first and last Muslim woman ruler of Medieval India.
  • She appointed Jamaluddin Yakoot as the highest officer of cavalry.
  • She abandoned Pardah and appeared before the public in male dress.
  • She saved the empire from Mongol invasion.
  • She died in the year 1240 AD.

The correct answer is Constellation.

• Ursa Major constellation lies in the northern sky. Its name means “the great bear,” or “the larger bear” in Latin.
• Ursa Major is the largest northern constellation and third largest constellation in the sky.
  • Its brightest stars form the Big Dipper asterism, one of the most recognizable shapes in the sky, also known as the Plough.
• Ursa Major contains seven Messier objects. It also contains 13 stars with confirmed planets.

Important Points

• The biggest known galaxy is IC 1101, which is 50 times the Milky Way's size and about 2,000 times more massive.
  • It is about 5.5 million light-years across.
• Our Sun (a star) and all the planets around it are part of a galaxy known as the Milky Way Galaxy.
  • A galaxy is a large group of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity. The Milky Way is made up of about 90% dark matter, the matter which cannot be seen, and about 10% “luminous matter”, or matter that we can see with our eyes.
  • The solar system lies about 30,000 light-years from the galactic centre.

Additional Information

• Sirius, also known as the Dog Star or Sirius A, is the brightest star in Earth's night sky.
• The name means "glowing" in Greek.

The correct answer is Sulphur Cycle

Key Points

• The sulphur reservoir is in the soil and sediments where it is locked in organic (coal, oil and peat) and inorganic deposits (pyrite rock and sulphur rock) in the form of sulphates, sulphides and organic sulphur.
• It is released by weathering of rocks, erosional runoff and decomposition of organic matter and is carried to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in a salt solution.
• The sulphur cycle is mostly sedimentary except two of its compounds, hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and sulphur dioxide (SO2), which add a gaseous component.
• Sulphur enters the atmosphere from several sources like volcanic eruptions, combustion of fossil fuels (coal, diesel etc.), from the surface of the ocean and gases released by decomposition.
• Atmospheric sulphur dioxide is carried back to the earth after being dissolved in rainwater as weak sulphuric acid (acid rain).
• Sulphur bound in a living organism is carried back to the soil, to the bottom of ponds and lakes and seas through excretion and decomposition of dead organic material.

Image of Sulphur Cycle